This essay article would interest teachers of any language, at any level, who seek to implement newer, Standards-based assessments. Looking at the 5 Cs and placing them in three categories, the author stresses the need to move beyond simple proficiency (Communication) measures, and suggests ways to assess "content-based Standards" (Culture, Connections, and Comparisons) and "behavioral Standards" (Communities), separately or together, with critiques for satisfying validity and reliability requirements.#BookSection #Principalfocus #Teachersandteaching #All5Cs #All #All #Curriculum #Assessment #Outcomes